Articles & Commentary

Library of Articles

Practical commentary on Texas civil litigation, construction disputes, commercial real estate, and securities matters.

The Guarantor’s Defense — A 5-Part Series

A complete guide to defending against carve-out guaranty claims in commercial real estate — from lender conduct to workout strategy.

Part 1

The Lender’s Own Hands Are Not Clean

Lenders are not passive observers in distressed projects. Their decisions about reserves, draws, and cash management are part of the factual record — and often the most underused defense available to a guarantor.

Part 2

Causation Is Not Automatic — Make Them Prove It

A breach of a carve-out provision is not the end of the analysis. Causation is a separate element, and the fight over what actually caused the lender’s loss is often where the real outcome is determined.

Part 3

What the SPE Covenants Actually Say — And What Violates Them

SPE covenants are not boilerplate. A technical violation can convert a non-recourse loan into full personal recourse. Most guarantors cannot recite what theirs require.

Part 4

Negotiating the Guaranty Before You Sign

Bad boy guaranties are negotiable documents. The borrower’s leverage is highest at origination. Here is what to push for — and what lenders will and won’t move on.

Part 5

Workout Strategy Without Making It Worse

Every decision made during a distressed workout is a potential data point in subsequent litigation. Pre-negotiation agreements, forbearance traps, deed-in-lieu strategy, and communication discipline.


Texas Mechanics’ Liens — A 3-Part Series

How Texas mechanics’ lien law works in practice — for contractors enforcing payment and owners fighting back — including the 2022 overhaul and 2025 legislative updates.

Part 1

The Deadline That Kills Your Texas Mechanics’ Lien Claim

Most liens are not lost in court. They are lost before the affidavit is ever filed. The notice and deadline system under Chapter 53, the 2022 overhaul, and what SB 929 (2025) just fixed.

Part 2

You Filed the Texas Mechanics’ Lien. Now What?

The cloud on title, the two-year enforcement deadline, how to use closing pressure as leverage, and the four tools owners use to fight back against a filed lien.

Part 3

The Owner’s Side: How to Fight a Texas Mechanics’ Lien

The wrongful lien demand, bonding around the lien, the Trust Fund Act (updated by SB 841 in 2025), and HB 2960’s new venue rules. The owner’s full toolkit.


Standalone Articles

Bad Boy Carve-Outs: You Signed It — Now What Did You Actually Guarantee?

Most non-recourse loans are conditionally non-recourse. The condition is your guaranty. A plain-language breakdown of what you actually signed, the two buckets of exposure, and where the real risk lies.

Alleged “Bad Boy” Breaches: Where Lenders Actually Attack

When deals go sideways, lenders rarely lead with bankruptcy. They lead with waste, misapplication of rents, insurance proceed disputes, and SPE violations. The most common allegations in practice.

DSCR, Debt Yield, and Recourse Exposure: When Financial Metrics Become Personal Risk

DSCR and debt yield don’t trigger recourse by themselves. But the decisions sponsors make when those ratios fall often do. How financial stress creates the conditions for carve-out exposure.

Can I Just File Bankruptcy to Get Out of This Deal?

In a bad boy carve-out structure, filing bankruptcy may be the very act that converts a limited-risk investment into full personal liability. What borrowers need to understand before anyone files anything.

Five Reasons Promoters Should Invest in Deals with Investors

Investing alongside your own investors isn’t just good optics. It undercuts fraud narratives, supports scienter defenses, and changes the litigation dynamic when deals go sideways.

Securities & Syndication

The Business Owner’s Guide to Personal Guaranties

A guaranty is your personal promise to pay someone else’s debt. Understanding the types of guaranties, how lenders enforce them, and what defenses actually work is essential for any business owner or investor asked to sign one.

When Your LPs Lawyer Up: The First 30 Days of a Syndication Dispute

The 2026 distress cycle is reaching the partnership agreement. What sophisticated sponsors do in the first month — and the mistakes that turn a difficult conversation into a lawsuit they lose.

Courts Confirm What Every Multifamily Syndicator Fears

What happens when multifamily syndication deals go sideways — from strict liability for unregistered securities to the complex web of guarantor liability on commercial loans.

Business & Commercial Law

Non-Compete Agreements in 2026: What Every Business Owner Needs to Know

The FTC’s national ban is dead. But the non-compete landscape is shifting faster than most businesses realize — and the stakes for getting it wrong remain high.

Technology & AI Law

Ghost Cases: Why Lawyers Keep Getting Sanctioned for AI-Hallucinated Citations

AI-generated fake citations have gone from novelty to crisis. Sanctions are climbing, bar referrals are multiplying, and courts are asking whether lawyers have a duty to catch their opponent’s hallucinations too.

AI Washing: The New Fraud Frontier and What It Means for Investors and Companies

Companies face SEC enforcement, DOJ prosecutions, and securities class actions for overstating AI capabilities. What the current enforcement landscape looks like and where the risk lies.

Kelley Clarke, PC  •  603 E. Broadway Street, Prosper, TX 75078  •  972-253-4440 ext. 402